What is the secret to a long life? Three Brazilian sisters with a combined age of 316 may provide valuable insights into longevity, as they were recently recognised by Guinness World Records as the oldest living trio of siblings. This remarkable trio—Zulina de Deus Nunes, 103, Zoraide de Deus Mota, 104, and Levita de Deus Nunes, 109—reside in Rio de Janeiro and are now at the centre of scientific research.
The DNA Longevo Project, spearheaded by scientist Mayana Zatz from the University of São Paulo, seeks to unravel the biological factors that contribute to extraordinary lifespans. The project aims to compare the genetic backgrounds of nonagenarians and centenarians against those who have experienced frailty or chronic diseases, searching for traits that correlate with longevity.
“Through DNA testing, we look for protective genes, and we know there are several of them,” Zatz explained, highlighting the importance of genetic research in understanding longevity. The more individuals over 100 that are included in their study, particularly those from families with multiple centenarians, the more precise their findings will be.
Researchers theorise that inherited traits may be more significant than environmental factors in maintaining health and function as individuals age. The sisters were identified through LongeviQuest, a global organisation that verifies longevity records and collaborates with Guinness World Records. Ben Meyers, CEO of LongeviQuest, noted, “When sisters reach that age, there is clearly a strong genetic component. But because they live near each other, they also have a support network, with family able to help when needed. There is definitely a community aspect as well.”
The sisters attribute their longevity to a combination of a healthy diet and an active lifestyle. Zulina fondly recalls her childhood spent swimming and fishing in rivers, saying, “Everything was fresh. We didn’t have a refrigerator.” Zoraide emphasised the importance of breastfeeding, reflecting on how it played a crucial role in their upbringing.
Despite their impressive ages, the sisters have led relatively ordinary lives. Levita worked as a craftswoman and later at a television network, while Zoraide served as a nurse and raised five children. Zulina spent her time as a stay-at-home mum, nurturing six children. Levita, reflecting on her life, stated, “I had a good childhood and adolescence. I can’t complain.”
Researchers involved in the project are particularly interested in how genetic factors might protect vital functions such as heart health, muscle integrity, and cognitive abilities from age-related decline. Joao Paulo Guilherme, a researcher collaborating with Zatz, expressed the study’s ambition to recruit 500 centenarians, aiming for more definitive conclusions about the secrets of longevity.
